Helping Students Achieve High Proficiency In Essays

<h1>Helping Students Achieve High Proficiency In Essays</h1><p>R.A.T.E. represents the Multiple Assertive Writing Exam. The Writing Assessment Test is intended to evaluate the level of imagination, quality and degree of the author's capacity to communicate for oneself. It is an emotional evaluation that tests the composed interchanges aptitudes of every understudy and surveys whether the understudy has aced each aspect of composing that can be normal in a school environment.</p><p></p><p>All understudies who wish to move on from a school can be relied upon to compose different sorts of expositions running from those on policy centered issues to those on writing to sports to films, etc. Understudies wishing to pro the school placement test (GATE) need to exceed expectations in writing.</p><p></p><p>To exceed expectations in the real school selection test, understudies are relied upon to compose different decision questi ons and expositions. These test things are not scripted. Understudies are given all the opportunity to introduce their thoughts and sentiments with as meager inclination as possible.</p><p></p><p>Some article authors are acceptable at composing general papers, while others are acceptable at composing topical and verifiable papers. So the exposition essayists at a portion of the top colleges in the nation can at times not be the best in light of their relative mastery in various fields. Understudies who intend to exceed expectations in their picked fields and simultaneously additionally exceed expectations in the composing expressions should be amazingly imaginative and exhaustive writers.</p><p></p><p>Since the R.A.T.E. depends on a target evaluation of the article, the analyst must have a profound information on the topic just as the essayist's capacities. Exposition understudies likewise practice on their articles before getting the opportunity to think of them on a genuine test. A senior or associate or an instructor or even a direction guide or a companion may help you recorded as a hard copy a decent exposition. The test of composing a paper isn't just about finding the correct words and articulations however it is additionally about finding the correct words to communicate your perspective in the most ideal way.</p><p></p><p>When you are composing an article, you will run over numerous difficulties. You will run over interferences, weakness, disarray, etc. You will likewise be tested to communicate unmistakably and compactly if you should compose the paper for examinations.</p><p></p><p>There are numerous inquiries and focuses that you should consider before composing an article. Inquire as to whether your paper would support you, in the event that it could grow the information base, would you increase an edge over your companions. Truth be told, the author's objective in any paper is to expand their own insight base.</p>

Is lobbying a legitimate practice - Free Essay Example

3. Is lobbying a legitimate practice? Discuss, using examples Introduction The objective of this essay is to discuss the legitimacy of lobbying. I will start off by giving a brief overview of lobbying and its features. Next, I will use popular lobby cases: Cigars being threatened with regulations, Royal Dutch Shell Niger Delta case and Wal-Mart in India to show that lobbying are being practiced, but not accepted by all. Lobbying, originated from the term à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"lobbyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ as a physical location. The term is often associated with public affairs management, interests and political activities. Lobbying is firmly rooted in the Anglo-Saxon political world and is regarded as suspicious in other languages and cultures (Wagner, 2011). The primary point of the activity is to make oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s voice heard and known, hence to influence the targeted public administration. Oregon Government (1998) states that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“lobbying is defined as influencing, or attempting to influence, legislative action through oral or written communication with legislative officials, solicitation of others to influence or attempt to influence legislative action or attempting to obtain the g ood will of legislative officialsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . Why do firms lobby? Lobbying is the exchange of information and communication and the exchange on in-depth knowledge and competencies, which provide a firm with the opportunity to benefit from the communication at the policy level (Suder, 2011). The formulation and implementation of public policy affects consumerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s welfare and is typically controlled by the government. Hence it is important to maintain a strong network with the necessary government bodies and institutions. A political opportunity structure can be defined as the degree to which people or groups are able to gain access to power and to manipulate the political system (Suder, 2011 cited in McAdam, 1996). Secondly, business interests are at stake. The term business interests received lots of attention by state side respondents, which includes the impact of legislation towards business operations and hence the desire to influence the legislation t o protect business. Thirdly, business would want to see predictability and fairness in government policies, reducing uncertainty to benefit their business. Likewise, the planning purposes and the creation of an equal playing field were brought up by all sides of the societal triangle but more to the market side. Fourthly, firms would more than likely to lobby for the interest if their business is at stake. Defensive motivators in this context means to avoid, weaken or postponing the legislation to prevent the worst from happening. Lastly, although positive motivators played a less significant role for the state and market side respondents, it is still slightly more emphasized by the market side. Who lobbies? Who is lobbied? Most often pressure groups that lobbies can be classified into many categories. Businesses like small and medium sized enterprise (SMEs) and multinational enterprise (MNEs), trade unions, professions, public representatives, ad hoc coalitions, sing le issue groups and the lobbying consultancy firms. Even though pressure groups started very early, its awareness of the importance of lobbying only really started in the 1970s (Suder, 2011). In the case of European Union (EU), interest groups starts to come in slowly as the European integration occurs. Interest groups starts to invest resources to lobbying activities after it became widespread that the EU-wide regulations influenced a large range of business and societal interests either in the general environment or specific cases. Lobbying for different levels of policy making means that lobbyist has to target the appropriate authorities to be effective. In United States, lobbyist are concentrated in Washington for the specific legislation in decision-making bodies like the United States Congress. Where EU lobbying are concerned, it is often concentrated in Brussels at the European Commission (EC) and the European Parliament (EP) for committee meetings and additional sessions, EP in Strasbourg for monthly conference, at the administrative office in Luxembourg where Member of the European Parliament (MEPs) are located (Schreuder, 2011). Are lobbying widely accepted? In general, democratic society deemed lobbying as a legal activity and it is to be governed by federal and provincial acts. The lobbying process actually meant to encourage and foster open access to the government. It allows the public to provide information and input to the government, especially when the legislation affects every individuals. It does not has an official term, but what lobbyist are doing are engaging, communicating and sharing information to those that ask, so they can make up their mind and make informed decisions. After all, final decisions are made by the officials and what lobbyist are advocating may or may not have an impact on the verdict. The term lobbying are often correlated with bribery. It is a matter of fine line where lobbying becomes bribery. A bribery occurs when the person offers or gives something of value for the purpose of influencing the action of an official to his advantage. Bribery are considered illegal, while lobbying are not. As is it legal, lobbyists in the US that are paid to perform their duty are required to register with the secretary of the Senate and the Clerk of the House (Sahajwani, 2012). Lobbying are kept transparent as compared to bribery. For example, actions made by lobbyist in Canada can be searched by the public in the federal and Albertaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s registry (Canadian Energy Pipeline Association, 2012). On the other hand, bribery will transform the established social order and its hierarchy, by which the values and principles are twisted. Bribery gives an unfair advantage to the bribe giver. However if bribery are rampant and persists over a long time, the economic foundation of the country will only erode and hurt the most vulnerable members of the society (Sahajwani, 2012). Till date lob bying may not be widespread accepted as it is always complicated with moral and ethics issues. To a certain extent, it is true that powerful organizations are using lobbying to influence political opinion to suit their organization interest at all costs. Bribery on the contrary has no morally redeeming features at all, it is a direct sale of power for individual gain (Sahajwani, 2012). Cigars threatened with regulations The United States Food and Drug Regulations (FDA) started to regulate cigar products for the first time in 2013. FDA had said that in its regulatory agenda in 2013 that it would propose rules in April to expand the federal oversight of tobacco products under the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act. This had caused an uproar towards the Cigar makers and businesses, more than a dozen of small companies in the cigar industry had come together to stub out the proposed tobacco regulations and taxes in Washington D.C. The attempt to expand the 2009 t obacco control act to include cigars had concerned many business as their profits are at stake. Cigar companies had said that the move would hurt cigar sales as the regulation disallows them from keeping the cigar from display shelves where customers will be able to check out the products. Executive director of Cigar Rights of America had condemn the FDAà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s move as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“a classic case of going beyond congressional intentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Bogardus Hattem, 2013). The latter had further mentioned that when the congress passed the original Tobacco act, it was to address two issues, youth access to tobacco and chemical addiction. Likewise, this brings to the next point where premium cigar does not meet that criteria. Industry leaders had also argued that cigars does not pose the same danger as tobacco products, since they are generally only sold in stores that requires entrants to be at least 18 years or older. Furthermore, Bill Spann, CEO of the International Premium Cigar Pipe Retailers Association had also criticize that the FDA meddling could have a devastating impact on cigar shops (Bogardus Hattem, 2013). The fight against FDA rules had drew attention from overseas. Letters from ambassadors of tobacco-growing nations have written letters to show their displeasure towards the FDA and warns that the new regulation would threatens thousands of jobs and have political and economic consequences (Bogardus Hattem, 2013). Hence the businesses had form the Small Business Cigar Coalition, an informal association of 15 makers of cigars and related product. The latter had enlisted Alston Bird to lobby for them on tax and U.S FDA matters concerning cigars as they filed with congress on 22 November 2013 (Ramonas, 2013). Following the rather successful lobbying by the Small Business Cigar Coalition, the FDA had proposed two options for the scope of the rule. The new deeming regulations are seen as potential exemption for premium cigars. On the contrary, leading health groups which consist of 24 groups and 560,000 healthcare and public professionals and millions of volunteers urges FDA to finalize the rule regulating all tobacco products by April 2015 and renounce the exemption for premium cigars (American Lung Association, 2013). Shell Niger Delta Case The Royal Dutch Shell Oil Company were certainly not new to the term corporate lobbying. As of 2014, Shell Co had 36 lobbyists representing the firm for many issues like energy nuclear power, fuel, gas, natural resources, clean air water, taxes and many others. Shell Company had spent $6.85 million on lobbying reportedly, for the year. The Niger Delta case had been brought against the Oil giant company by four farmers from the Niger Delta, who accused the Oil giant company of polluting the environment and having their livelihoods destroyed by the oil spills (Smith, 2012). The four farmers are backed by lobby group, Friends of the Earth, and had filed t he case first in 2008 (The Sydney Morning Herald, 2013). Dutch court had found in favor of one plaintiff that, Shell Nigeria had breached its duty of care in that case by failing to take appropriate actions to prevent third parties from tampering the well and causing oil spills (Gaughran, 2013).However, Shellsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ public relation had argued that spills are highly caused by sabotage and potential theft cases (Donovan, 2014). Even though the Dutch court had condemn the Shell Company for its action and pointed out that they could no longer point to sabotage as the company itself has no responsibility for the problem (Africa Journalism, 2013). Despite all that, all of the 4 plaintiffs are not able to prove their case. Whether it is really due to operation failure from Shells or sabotage, the farmers could not do much but to rely on Shellà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s own oil spill investigation reports. While this creates an obvious conflict of interest, there is really nothing mu ch the farmers or community could do except to accept the companies assessment. Community members may be part of the investigation process, but in reality, if they do disagree with Shell company assessment, the latter would just overwrite them (Gaughran, 2013). The Nigerian communities are helpless in the sense that they have no access to independent assessments of the real cause of the oil spill or the associated environmental damage. Moreover, United Kingdom (UK) government had backed the oil giant Shell in the US supreme court after being lobbied for support. According to Frankental (2014) in Amnesty International UK à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“In these David versus Goliath encounters, the UK has effectively shielded the interest of the powerful companies at the expense of their alleged victims.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Lastly, it is said that in the past Shell had successfully lobbied both the UK and US governments to increase military aid to Nigeria to secure its oilfields (Arts Activism Educatio n Reasearch, 2013).This case had shown that environmental NGO Friends of the Earth and UK government had been lobbied for support on their respective side. Wal-Mart in India Global giant retail Wal-Mart had been waiting for years to enter the highly lucrative Indian market, the latter had since then lobbying with US lawmakers to facilitate its entry. Wal-Mart revealed it had spent more than $25 million since it started in 2008 to lobby for à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“better market access for investment in Indiaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Ramanna Muthuram, 2013). Wal-Mart lobbied for its case with the US senate, US House of representatives, US trade Representatives (USTR), and US Department of State (The Times of India, 2013). The lobbying had caused a huge political outcry in India after the Indian government made a controversial decision to allow FDI in the countryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s multi-brand sector. The sensation was because lobbying is illegal in India, and is a dirty word and the opposition are probing who got the money, even though the disclosure filing only referred to lobbying activities in the US (Hindustan Times, 2013). The notion of Wal-Mart entering India had always been denied by the political opposition. However it was not until parliament motion against the decision was defeated in both Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. Corresponding to the crucial parliament backing that won the retail decision, lawmaker from the opposition party Ravi Shankar Prasad also argued that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Lobbying is nothing more than a benign form of briberyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Lakshimi, 2012). It was then, September 2012 that the India government opened up the retail market and allows FDI to own as much as 51% of the local ventures that has multi-brand. It is highly speculated that the India government had received bribes, hence probing investigations from the political parties. Wal-Mart had lost several senior executives and went through an internal bribery investigation. Indiaà ¢Ã¢ ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Congress-led government has also give in to the opposition pressure and appointed a retired judge to thoroughly investigate the lobbying activities of Wal-Mart, before they enter the India market (Kazmin, 2012). However, it is prominent that it is not possible to conclude as there is no material evidence to show that Wal-Mart had indulged in any lobbying bribery. Conclusion In conclusion, it can be seen that lobbying are far more accepted in places that is democratic. The above cases are able to give a clear picture of lobbying and shows the importance of it and how it can be applied. Interest groups like NGOs or coalitions will lobby for their personal interests. It is further shown in the Wal-Mart in India case that large business tend to have the advantage as lobbying tend to be costly and can go up to millions per year. Lastly, MNEs are able to lobby for help when their business interests is at stake, they would minimize through defensive motivatorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ â„ ¢s means as shown in Niger Delta scenario. References Africa Journalism, 2013. Dutch Court Indicts Shell Nigeria Over Oil Spills. [Online] Available at: https://africajournalismtheworld.com/2013/01/page/2/ [Accessed 21 December 2014]. American Lung Association, 2013. Leading Health Groups Urge FDA to Finalize Rule Regulating All Tobacco Products by April 2015 and Reject Exemption for Some Cigars. [Online] Available at: https://www.lung.org/press-room/press-releases/tobacco-control/health-groups-FDA-Deeming-Statement-Cigar-Exemptions.html [Accessed 10 December 2014]. Amnesty International UK, 2014. FOI request reveals UK backed Shell and Rio Tinto in human rights court cases after corporate lobbying. [Online] Available at: https://www.amnesty.org.uk/press-releases/foi-request-reveals-uk-backed-shell-and-rio-tinto-human-rights-court-cases-after [Accessed 22 December 2014]. Arts Activism Education Reasearch, 2013. Human rights impact of UK military aid to Nigeria under fresh scrutiny See more at: https://platformlondon.or g/p-pressreleases/human-rights-impact-of-uk-military-aid-to-nigeria-under-fresh-scrutiny/#sthash.ivDyVF1A.dpuf. [Online] Available at: https://platformlondon.org/p-pressreleases/human-rights-impact-of-uk-military-aid-to-nigeria-under-fresh-scrutiny/ [Accessed 22 December 2014]. Bogardus, K. Hattem, J., 2013. Cigars threatened with regulations. [Online] Available at: https://thehill.com/regulation/lobbying/294425-cigar-makers-threatened-with-regulations [Accessed 7 December 2014]. Canadian Energy Pipeline Association, 2012. You asked, we answered: Is lobbying a legitimate practice?. [Online] Available at: https://www.cepa.com/you-asked-we-answered-is-lobbying-a-legitimate-practice [Accessed 4 December 2014]. Donovan, J., 2014. Worst Shell Oil Spill into Niger Delta for years. [Online] Available at: https://royaldutchshellplc.com/2014/12/03/worst-shell-oil-spill-into-niger-delta-for-years/ [Accessed 20 December 2014]. Gaughran, A., 2013. Shellà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s N iger Delta pollution: the good, the bad and the ongoing quest for justice. [Online] Available at: https://livewire.amnesty.org/2013/02/01/shells-niger-delta-pollution-the-good-the-bad-and-the-ongoing-quest-for-justice/comment-page-1/ [Accessed 20 December 2014]. Hindustan Times, 2013. Lobbying law will remove stigma associated with it. [Online] Available at: https://www.hindustantimes.com/comment/columns/lobbying-law-will-remove-stigma-associated-with-it/article1-1144705.aspx [Accessed 21 December 2014]. Kazmin, A., 2012. India to probe Walmartà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s lobbying activities. [Online] Available at: https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/c82c969a-4439-11e2-952a-00144feabdc0.html#axzz3MmiMhjjt [Accessed 24 December 2014]. Lakshimi, R., 2012. Wal-Martà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s disclosure of lobbying activities morphs into talk of bribery in India. [Online] Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2012/12/10/wal-marts-disclosure-of-lobbying-activities-morphs -into-talk-of-bribery-in-india/ [Accessed 24 December 2014]. Oregon Government, 1998. What is Lobbying?, Oregon: Oregon. Ramanna, K. Muthuram, V., 2013. Wal-Mart Lobbying in India?. [Online] Available at: https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=45549 [Accessed 23 December 2014]. Ramonas, A., 2013. Cigar Industry Fires Up DC Lobbying Effort. [Online] Available at: https://legaltimes.typepad.com/blt/2013/11/cigar-industry-fires-up-dc-lobbying-effort.html [Accessed 8 December 2014]. Sahajwani, M., 2012. The Differences Between Bribery and Lobbying. [Online] Available at: https://www.investopedia.com/financial-edge/0912/the-differences-between-bribery-and-lobbying.aspx [Accessed 3 December 2014]. Schreuder, N., 2011. A Capital of Europe? Strasbourg versus Brussels. [Online] Available at: https://www.europeanbusinessreview.eu/page.asp?pid=898 [Accessed 10 December 2014]. Smith, L., 2012. Farmers sue oil giant Shell over Niger Delta pollution. [Online] Available at: https://edition.cnn.com/2012/10/11/world/europe/netherlands-nigeria-shell-oil/ [Accessed 19 December 2014]. Suder, G., 2011. Doing Business in Europe. 2nd ed. London: SAGE. The Sydney Morning Herald, 2013. Court Rejects Nigerian Suit Against Shell. [Online] Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/environment/court-rejects-nigerian-suit-against-shell-20130130-2dlf3.html [Accessed 22 December 2014]. The Times of India, 2013. Wal-Mart continues lobbying in US for India entry. [Online] Available at: https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/Wal-Mart-continues-lobbying-in-US-for-India-entry/articleshow/18317918.cms [Accessed 24 December 2014]. Wagner, S. M., 2011. The corporate political activities of multinational enterprises: the automotive industry and environmental regulations in the European Union, Loughborough: Loughborough University.

Essay Samples For Admission: Learn How to Write an Admissions Essay

<h1>Essay Samples For Admission: Learn How to Write an Admissions Essay</h1><p>College paper tests for confirmation will assist you with composing an article all alone. Composing a school paper is a confounded procedure and it will require a great deal of abilities, just as various variables to consider when composing a school essay.</p><p></p><p>If you are thinking about applying to a particular school, recollect that all candidates must have secondary school grades. In any case, some secondary schools may not request this. Your secondary school transcript will contain all the data important to mention to you what grade you got in each class. This can assist you with planning for a school affirmation test.</p><p></p><p>All universities have a specific measure of time to acknowledge or dismiss your application. Remember this when you are looking into school article tests for affirmation. Not rounding out applications e arly can assist you with settling on a choice on whether you ought to present your application sooner or later.</p><p></p><p>If you're stressed over the test itself, recollect that regardless of where you are applying to school, the entrance advisory board has all the data they have to break down your article. In this way, there is no motivation to be apprehensive about it. Try to comprehend the principles and guidelines of the school before composing your article. You'll be composing something very similar all through the application procedure, so it's a smart thought to get into the brain of the confirmations official before you start.</p><p></p><p>College article tests for affirmation will shift from school to school. For instance, a few universities lean toward a solitary sentence exposition, while others need extensive clarifications. On the off chance that your secondary school has a greatest number of words took into considerati on a paper, you may find that you should think about investing more energy in your article. Notwithstanding, in the event that you are simply composing an article for school, you will probably find that there are a lot of school exposition tests for affirmation that will permit you to compose an intensive paper inside the distributed length.</p><p></p><p>Remember that the paper doesn't need to be identified with your evaluations or your program. The primary focal point of the article is to communicate a genuine belief. In case you're composing a paper for school affirmation, recollect that a school confirmations official needs to see that you're wise as well as fascinating. They are searching for data about yourself.</p><p></p><p>Most school article tests for confirmation will assist you with going over your history and your life before school. It's not hard to tell whether your past encounters and individual information are pertinent to the school you're applying to. Hence, simply ensure that you answer these inquiries genuinely. On the off chance that you have been harmed before or have an understudy advance, don't place it in your application.</p><p></p><p>No matter how you choose to compose your school article, there is no motivation to be threatened by the procedure. Secondary school articles are not actually equivalent to the school affirmations test. There are various school exposition tests for confirmation that you can use to get ready for your affirmation essay.</p>

Research Papers on Childhood Vaccinations - You Might Be Saving Your Childs Life

Research Papers on Childhood Vaccinations - You Might Be Saving Your Child's LifeReading up on research papers on childhood vaccinations could save a life. Despite the fact that most of us do not have the slightest idea how a vaccine works, the risk is very real. It is also important to note that some adults are still not fully protected.There are many medical schools that offer classes on childhood vaccinations. These courses can give students the knowledge they need in order to recognize if they or their children may be susceptible to some diseases. This kind of education helps to avoid infections.The medical world is littered with tales of great successes and failures of vaccination campaigns. As much as possible, parents should avoid vaccinations for their kids. Any child under a year old should not be vaccinated against polio and whooping cough as the disease may leave long-term damage to your child's brain.In addition, it is important to find out if you are missing out on any o f the vitamin supplementation that could protect your children. Vitamin D deficiency is quite common among infants in the United States. Another common deficiency is vitamin B12, which is an essential element for the proper functioning of all the body's cells.Fortunately, researchers know more about the nutrient than they did in the past. If you give your child adequate amounts of vitamins, you could potentially protect your child's immune system. There are plenty of fortified food products on the market that contain these nutrients.Research papers on childhood vaccinations are available on just about every topic you can think of. Just because your child has not yet gotten the required immunizations does not mean that he or she is not protected.Research papers on childhood vaccinations are available online. These documents explain why, for example, the chicken pox vaccine is still effective despite the fact that millions of people have gotten rid of the disease. As long as a child i s fully protected, it is just a matter of time before it can catch it.